[Leish-l] Madrid visceral lerishmaniasis outbreak
Ricardo Molina
rmolina at isciii.es
Mon Apr 2 08:05:11 BRT 2012
Dear All,
We are very surprised about the information circulating about Madrid
visceral leishmaniasis outbreak that contains many mistakes.
Since 2010 a marked increase of leishmaniasis cases in the southwestern
Madrid region, mainly in Fuenlabrada, that has been considered as an
outbreak. Indeed the mean leishmaniasis incidence rate in the Madrid
Autonomous Community is 0.2-0.3/100.000 while in the first 39 weeks of 2011
it was 27.1/100.000 (111 cases in the Hospital of Fuenlabrada).
The studies carried out at the present time in the focus show the following
data:
Canine leishmaniasis prevalence in Fuenlabrada (rK39): 3.6 %, lower than the
mean prevalence in this region (5-6%).
Prevalence in cats (lnPCR): 7.3 %
Prevalence in rabbit (lnPCR): 1.5%
Prevalence in hares (Lepus granatensis) (skinlnPCR): 28.2%
Prevalence in hares (rK39): 84%
Xenodiagnosis of hares with P. perniciosus: 57%.
Regarding to the data from xenodiagnosis in hares they were carried out by
R. Molina and M. Jiménez (ISCIII):
Seven apparently healthy hares rK39 positive were selected. Xenodiagnosis
studies were carried out in two sessions (December 2011 and January 2012).
Four out of seven rK39 positive hares (57,14%) were able to infect a mean
4,7 % P. perniciosus sand flies (0 to 10,6%).
Xenodiagnosis of leishmaniasis in hares (Lepus granatensis) proved that they
are infective to Phlebotomus perniciosus. Molecular characterization
(carried out by Israel Cruz) demonstrates that hares were infected by
Leishmania infantum. In conclusion, the data provide evidence on the
infectivity of apparently healthy L. infantum infected hares (Lepus
granatensis) to phlebotomine sand flies (P. perniciosus). Moreover, they
provide significant information related to the role of potential sylvatic
reservoirs in spread of leishmaniasis that always have to be taken into
account in epidemiological studies.
We hope that this information should be clarified.
Kind regards,
Dr. Ricardo Molina
Unidad de Entomología Médica
Servicio de Parasitología
Centro Nacional de Microbiología
Instituto de Salud Carlos III
Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo, km 2,3
28220 MAJADAHONDA, MADRID (SPAIN)
Tel. +34 918223674
Fax. +34 915097034
e-mail: rmolina at isciii.es
URL: http://www.isciii.es
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