[Leish-l] Leish-l Digest, Vol 41, Issue 5

Hiro Goto hgoto at usp.br
Sun May 22 21:26:56 BRT 2011


Dear all,
We aggree with Dr. Raj. Carefull studies on the immune response of  
cutaneous and mucoasal/mucocutaneous leishmaniasis involving different  
Leishmania species and occurring in different parts of the world are  
required before any generalization.
Concerning immune response in cutaneous and mucocutaneous  
leishmaniasis in Brazil, we think that it is wrong to think in terms  
of Th1 (resistance) and Th2 (susceptible) responses and to relate them  
to the disease manifestation. In both forms, the specific cell  
mediated immune response (Th1-type) is established and in the lesion  
very few parasites are seen. It is likely that the lesion is rather a  
hypersensitivity reaction and in the mucocutaneous forms seemengly the  
modulating cytokines and receptors (p. ex. IL-10) are not effectively  
produced to control the immunopathologic process.Diffuse cutaneous  
leishmaniasis is different and is due to lack of protective response  
and may be due to the activation of Th2-type of response.
These and other aspects of immune response deserve more detailed studies.
Hiro Goto


Citando Raj <raj at cellabs.com.au>:

> Hello Professor Shaw and others,
> I am writing this from Cellabs Pty Ltd, Sydney Australia. We have  
> successfully developed exo-antigen based antibody detection ELISA .  
> The concept behind the exo-antigen is given under a separate  
> paragraph.
>
> Our ELISA system  is an indirect one and we use a monoclonal  
> anti-human IgG as an  indicator antibody.  By using this system we  
> have succesfully demonstrated presence of antibodies in serum  
> samples against cutaneous leishmaniases.  I have not published the  
> results as yet but we have done quite a large study involving serum  
> samples from different countries including Brazil. I wanted to  
> include serum samples from Isreal and Indian subcontinent. I am  
> unable to get these samples from these countries.
>
> Our evaluation included samples from Brazil, Colombia, Panama,  
> Mexico, and Peru. One thing I have observed is that the  
> mucocutaneous condition certainly generates a high titre antibody  
> than other cutaneous conditions.  With this we can conclude that the  
> Th-2 response may be very active during MCL.  On the other hand,  
> some investigator while using our system has observed that the  
> "CL-condition" from Iran did not generate detectable antibodies.   
> Why it is so  I don't know. We have not been given the samples for  
> re-testing and no clinical data was supplied to us. The way our  
> correspondence went on -  I led to conclude that the  so-called "CL-  
> condition" from Iran may be highly localised one and as yet not  
> received a systemic response. That may be one of the reasons for  
> absence of antibodies in CL samples from Iran. My hyporthesis is  
> that here Th-1 may be in upper hand which might have nullified  
> B-cell response.
> [One has to prove this with immunological evidence].
> As you know, it is very diffcult for us in Australia to obtain  
> samples from these countries.
>
> So we have to be careful in generalising the statement. Always there  
> is tendency to state about a condition  " muted B-cell response"  
> during CL condition.   One has to investigate the acutality of this  
> myth. This is my opinion. As Professor Shaw has pointed  out that it  
> is all dependent on the tools and devices we are using for diagnosis  
> of  antibodies against cutaneous form of  leishmania infections.
>
> My answer went too long for this session.
>
>
> Concept behind EXOANTIGEN: These antigens derive from active  
> parasites maintained in serum- free and protein- free condition.  
> These antigens are released due to metabolic activity of the  
> parasites. Dr Samuel Martin of US-Army has conceived this idea.    
> The concept  of using the exo- antigen is to simulate the system  
> operating within the infected individual where parasites are active  
> and undergoing multiplication and expelling their matabolic  
> products. Concurrently these products are being attacked by the  
> immune system resulting with many immune complexes within the body.
>
> I look forward to hear from other members on this point.
>
> With best wishes
>
> Raj
> Dr G-Halli Rajasekariah
> Cellabs
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: <leish-l-request at lineu.icb.usp.br>
> To: <leish-l at lineu.icb.usp.br>
> Sent: Wednesday, May 18, 2011 1:00 AM
> Subject: Leish-l Digest, Vol 41, Issue 5
>
>
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>>   1. CL Antibodies (jeffrey shaw)
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>> Message: 1
>> Date: Mon, 16 May 2011 19:54:58 +0000
>> From: jeffrey shaw <jayusp at hotmail.com>
>> Subject: [Leish-l] CL Antibodies
>> To: Leish-L <leish-l at lineu.icb.usp.br>
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>> The accepted idea of no antibodies in cutaneous leishamaniasis is  
>> incorrect. They definitely do occur in some but not all cases.  
>> However, they may be missed if the wrong antigen is used. The  
>> greatest chance of detecting them is to use the homologous  
>> antigen.Jeffrey Shaw
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Profa. Dra. Hiro Goto
Laboratório de Soroepidemiologia e Imunobiologia
Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, USP
Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470, prédio II, quarto andar
05403-000 - São Paulo, SP
Tel. +55-11-3061 7023, 3061 7056 ou 3061 7027
Fax. +55-11-3061-8270



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