[leish-l] LEISHMANIASIS ‚ BRAZIL (MATO GROSSO DO SUL) (02)

[Fred R. Opperdoes]

At 13:30 -0400 25/05/02, ProMED Digest wrote:
>Date: Fri, 24 May 2002 10:20:59 -0400 (EDT)
>From: ProMED-mail <promed at promed.isid.harvard.edu>
>Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Leishmaniasis - Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul) (02)
>
>LEISHMANIASIS ‚ BRAZIL (MATO GROSSO DO SUL) (02)
>***********************
>A ProMED-mail post
><http://www.promedmail.org>
>ProMED-mail, a program of the
>International Society for Infectious Diseases
><http://www.isid.org>
>
>[1]
>Date: 22 May 2002
>From: ProMED-Port at promedmail.org
>Source: Fundacao Nacional de Saude (FUNASA) 21 May 2002 [in Portuguese,
>translated and summarized by JW]
><http://www.funasa.gov.br>
>
>
>American visceral leishmaniasis, popularly known as kala-azar, was
>classically a rural zoonosis, but the destruction of natural habitat has
>led to a reduction in wild hosts and a change in the feeding habits of the
>sandfly vector, which now seeks domestic animals -- mainly dogs -- and
>humans, leading to infection in the suburbs of towns and cities.
>
>Urban transmission was first detected in the Northeast Region of Brazil,
>and later elsewhere with the exception of the South. In the state of Mato
>Grosso do Sul, the first case of human infection was confirmed in 1937, in
>Coxim township, to the north of Campo Grande [the present state capital]
>and northeast of Tres Lagoas.
>
>Tres Lagoas
>- -----------
>In this township the first 2 cases were confirmed in 2000. In 2001 there
>were 30 cases, including 4 deaths. This year [2002] 44 cases have been
>notified to date. Most of these cases have been children, suggesting that
>adult urban immigrants may have some previous immunity.
>
>Campo Grande
>- ------------
>The first 2 autochthonous cases in the capital were confirmed recently.
>
>Control
>- -------
>Control measures have been implemented since the year 2000, with a
>serosurvey of dogs -- the positives were euthanized -- and residual
>insecticides sprayed in houses. There have also been health education
>campaigns. Since December 2001 diagnostic kits and drugs for treatment have
>been distributed, and in January 2002 a course in diagnosis and treatment
>was held for health workers of the Basic Health Network.
>
>On 22 May 2002 the Manager of the Visceral Lieshmaniasis Control Program
>will visit Tres Lagoas to evaluate the situation. On 7 Jun 2002 there will
>be a seminar for health workers in Campo Grande on surveillance, treatment
>and control.
>
>******
>[2]
>Date: 21 May 2002
>From: ProMED-mail <promed at promedmail.org>
>
>
>Correction
>- ----------
>The following section of the previous post on this subject (see ref. below)
>"The centre has confirmed leishmaniasis in 16.5 per cent of cases
>investigated in the first 3 months of 2002, which indicates epidemic 
>activity."
>
>should have read
>"The centre has confirmed leishmaniasis in 16.5 per cent of dogs
>investigated in the first 3 months of 2002, which indicates epidemic
>activity. Last year [2001], only 2.1 percent of dogs tested were positive."
>
>- --
>ProMED-mail
><promed at promedmail.org>
>
>[ProMED regrets the error. - Mod.JW]
-- 
Fred R. Opperdoes,
Research Unit for Tropical Diseases (TROP) and
Laboratory of Biochemistry (BCHM)
Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology (ICP)
and Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)
Avenue Hippocrate 74-75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium

Tel: ++32-2-764.74.39 (secretary) Fax: ++32-2-762.68.53
Tel: ++32-2-764.74.55 (direct)
Voicemail/fax: ++3270705047
E-mail:Opperdoes at trop.ucl.ac.be
Internet: http://www.icp.ucl.ac.be/trop/
           http://www.icp.ucl.ac.be/~opperd/Fred.html