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Attached are comments on a paper written by Bob Killick-Kendrick (Attached) on Oriental Sore<BR>
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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">BobKillick-Kendrick <killickendrick@wanadoo.fr><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Attached, for your amusement,is an account of the discovery that cutaneous leishmaniasis is carried by sand flies.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> </SPAN><SPAN lang=PT-BR>Bob</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Farrokh Modabber <modabberf@yahoo.com><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: black" lang=PT-BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman">Dear Bob,</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Thank you for your interesting paper a very good review of relatively recent history. For the earlier parts, it seems that Avicenna was not the first to describe CL. He was better known in the West with his books (included<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>escription of CL) which were used as textbook in medical schools in <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> so he is thought by western historian to be the first to describe CL. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Indeed it was </SPAN></I></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB" lang=EN-GB>Abubakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya Razi (865-925, born and died in Ray, near <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Tehran</st1:place></st1:City>) who described earlier what is probably ACL. Finally it was Ismail Gorgani<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Jorjani, 1042-1136, born in Gorgan, died in Marv ) </SPAN></I></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB" lang=EN-GB>who described the “Natural History”<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>of the disease, called it Pash</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">é gazidegui = mosquito-bitten and later salak<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>meaning a short year in Persian).</SPAN></B><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">So the knowledge of the disease being vector borne actually dates back some time.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>There is a fairly recent book<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>on the history of medicine in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Iran</st1:place></st1:country-region> by Tajbakhsh published 2-3 years ago (unfortunately only in Persian) that documents what I have mentioned above. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Credit or blame should be given to Dr Hasan Tajbakhsh, Prof. Tehran Faculty of Vet. Med.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Unfortunately I can't find his e-mail address.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">All the best and warm regards,<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=PT-BR><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman">Farrokh </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=PT-BR><o:p><FONT size=3 face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">"Chang, Kwang-Poo" <KwangPoo.Chang@rosalindfranklin.edu><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></B></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Dear Farrokh,<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">Fuad Sukkar (1985) cited Bray, Abdul-Rahim and Tajeldin (1967) Protozoology 2, 171-186 with the following statements:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">..1<SUP>st</SUP> record..CL found in the library of King Ashurpanipal of Assyria in Nineva (<st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Mosul</st1:City>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Iraq</st1:country-region></st1:place>)..described painless ulceration translated from a tablet of old Akkadian ..in 2<SUP>nd</SUP> or 3<SUP>rd</SUP> millennium BC. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><FONT size=3><FONT face="Times New Roman">KP<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
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