<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;"><DIV>KA or VL, there is no second opinion to this fact that newer modalities need to be explored in order to eliminate this disease from the face of earth. it seems to be so near yet so far. the drugs being effective ,but too toxic and marred with development of resistance. No effective vaccine in site inspite of the strong indications of appropriate immune-mechanisms capable of providing protection. May be a strong immunomodulator as adjunct to the highly effective drugs will work wonder and help early clearance of parasite, at the same time reducing the toxic effects of the drug<BR><BR>sunil arora, PhD</DIV>
<DIV><BR>--- On <B>Sun, 4/25/10, Sarvajeet Kumar <I><sarvajeetk@hotmail.com></I></B> wrote:<BR></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-LEFT: rgb(16,16,255) 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px"><BR>From: Sarvajeet Kumar <sarvajeetk@hotmail.com><BR>Subject: Re: [Leish-l] Fwd: name<BR>To: directordcbd@gmail.com, k_karunamoorthi@yahoo.com<BR>Cc: leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br<BR>Date: Sunday, April 25, 2010, 3:27 PM<BR><BR>
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25 April 2010,<BR> <BR>Dear All,<BR> <BR>I agree with Prof. Dr. Moazzem Hossain, Please think about this disease how to eleminate.<BR> <BR>With best regards<BR><BR><FONT face="Lucida Handwriting, Cursive"><FONT color=#333399>Sarvajeet Kumar <BR></FONT><FONT color=#333399 size=1>Clinical Research Coordinator </FONT></FONT><BR><FONT color=#0000ff face="Lucida Handwriting, Cursive">Kalazar Research Centre,</FONT><BR><FONT color=#0000ff face="Lucida Handwriting, Cursive">Brahmpura, Muzaffarpur,</FONT><BR><FONT face="Lucida Handwriting, Cursive"><FONT color=#0000ff>Bihar - 842003, India<BR></FONT><FONT color=#003366 size=1><EM>Cell +91-9334914050 / 9431238088 </EM></FONT></FONT><BR><BR><BR><BR> <BR>
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Date: Sat, 24 Apr 2010 01:22:38 +0600<BR>From: directordcbd@gmail.com<BR>To: k_karunamoorthi@yahoo.com<BR>CC: Leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br<BR>Subject: Re: [Leish-l] Fwd: name<BR><BR>24 April 2010
<DIV>Dear all</DIV>
<DIV>Thank you for your so many correspondences regarding a simple term Kala-azar and VL.Both the terms are synonymous, no doubt. Now we should think for their proper treatment and reduce their sufferings for poverty alleviation, not for debate for simple terms . What is the benefit of the patient with these terms? This will be benefit of the researchers financially, moving around the world and publication etc. So please think for the treatment of the patient , whatever is the name in any part of the world.</DIV>
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<DIV>Best regards</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV>Prof. Dr. Moazzem Hossain</DIV>
<DIV>Director Disease Control &<BR>Line Director CDC<BR>Directorate General of Health Services<BR>Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh<BR>Phone:880-2-9880948<BR> 880-1715038551(Mobile)<BR>Fax : 880-2-9899085</DIV>
<DIV> <BR><BR>
<DIV class=ecxgmail_quote>On Fri, Apr 23, 2010 at 3:14 PM, Kaliyaperumal Karunamoorthi <SPAN dir=ltr><<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=k_karunamoorthi@yahoo.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank ymailto="mailto:k_karunamoorthi@yahoo.com">k_karunamoorthi@yahoo.com</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
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<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'serif'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Dear colleagues,</SPAN> </DIV>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" class=ecxMsoNormal>I am absolutely support the comments made by Dr Shyam Sunder <SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #343434">Dr.Sunil Arora"</SPAN></SPAN>and Anuradha that KA and VL are synonymous in India and other parts of the world. </DIV>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" class=ecxMsoNormal>Very truly yours </DIV>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" class=ecxMsoNormal>K. Karunamoorthi </DIV>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" class=ecxMsoNormal></DIV><BR><BR><BR><BR></SPAN>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'serif'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"></SPAN> </DIV>
<P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" class=ecxMsoNormal><SPAN style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'serif'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt"></SPAN> <BR></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT color=#407f00 size=1 face="comic sans ms"><STRONG>K. Karunamoorthi</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT color=#407f00 size=1 face="comic sans ms"><STRONG>M. Sc., M.Phil., D.P.H.M., </STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT color=#407f00 size=1 face="comic sans ms"><STRONG>Medical entomologist</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT color=#407f00 size=1 face="comic sans ms"><STRONG>Jimma University</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT color=#407f00 size=1 face="comic sans ms"><STRONG>Jimma, Ethiopia.</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV align=left><FONT color=#407f00 size=1 face="comic sans ms"><STRONG>MOBILE: +251913547847; +919786956123</STRONG></FONT></DIV><BR><BR>--- On <B>Wed, 21/4/10, Dr.Sunil Arora <I><<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=skarora_in@yahoo.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank ymailto="mailto:skarora_in@yahoo.com">skarora_in@yahoo.com</A>></I></B> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-LEFT: rgb(16,16,255) 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px"><BR>From: Dr.Sunil Arora <<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=skarora_in@yahoo.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank ymailto="mailto:skarora_in@yahoo.com">skarora_in@yahoo.com</A>>
<DIV class=ecxim><BR>Subject: Re: [Leish-l] Fwd: name<BR></DIV>To: <A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=Leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br" rel=nofollow target=_blank ymailto="mailto:Leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br">Leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br</A>, "Anuradha Dube" <<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=anuradhadube@gmail.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank ymailto="mailto:anuradhadube@gmail.com">anuradhadube@gmail.com</A>><BR>Date: Wednesday, 21 April, 2010, 2:53 PM
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<TD vAlign=top>I do endorse the comments of Dr Shyam Sunder and Anuradha that KA and VL are synonymous in India and elsewhere<BR><BR>dunil aroraemail: <A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=skarora_in@yahoo.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank ymailto="mailto:skarora_in@yahoo.com">skarora_in@yahoo.com</A><BR><BR>--- On <B>Tue, 4/20/10, Anuradha Dube <I><<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=anuradhadube@gmail.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank ymailto="mailto:anuradhadube@gmail.com">anuradhadube@gmail.com</A>></I></B> wrote:<BR>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-LEFT: rgb(16,16,255) 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px"><BR>From: Anuradha Dube <<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=anuradhadube@gmail.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank ymailto="mailto:anuradhadube@gmail.com">anuradhadube@gmail.com</A>><BR>Subject: Re: [Leish-l] Fwd: name<BR>To: <A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=Leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br" rel=nofollow target=_blank ymailto="mailto:Leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br">Leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br</A><BR>Date: Tuesday, April 20, 2010, 8:07 AM<BR><BR>
<DIV>I fully agree with Dr Shyam Sundar's view that VL and Kala azar are synonymous. Elaborately, to my understanding, VL is classified on the basis of <I>Leishmania</I> strains as below:
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><B><I>Leishmania donovani donovani</I> ( LDd),</B> commonly known as <U>Kala-azar </U>in India and Sudan (Africa) as <B>Anthroponotic VL. </B>A further manifestation in the form of<B> Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmanoid (PKDL) </B>occurs in humans<B> </B>in<B> India and Sudan </B>(only?<B>) </B>is due to this strain only (LDd)</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV><B><I>Leishmania donovani chagasi</I> ( LDc)</B> commonly known as <U>calaazar</U> in South America (Brazil) and <B><I>Leishmania donovani infantum</I> (LDi)</B> commonly known as <U>Mediterranean VL</U> in Mediterranean, as <B>Zoonotic VL (</B>with dog as reservoir<B>)</B>. </DIV>
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<DIV>Anuradha</DIV>
<DIV><BR>
<DIV class=ecxgmail_quote>On Thu, Apr 15, 2010 at 8:40 PM, Shyam Sundar <SPAN dir=ltr><<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=drshyamsundar@hotmail.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank>drshyamsundar@hotmail.com</A>></SPAN> wrote:<BR>
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<DIV><STRONG><FONT color=#800080 face=Arial>It will be impossible erase kala-azar from leishmaniasis, you might try and restrict it to anthroponotic VL. It originated from the deadly black fever without treatment. Now also you do see occasional blackish discoloration. For most of us, VL and kala-azar us synonymous.</FONT></STRONG></DIV>
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<DIV><B>From:</B> <A title=chncosta@gmail.com href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=chncosta@gmail.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank>Carlos Costa</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, April 08, 2010 12:54 AM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=Leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=Leish-l@lineu.icb.usp.br" rel=nofollow target=_blank>Leish-L</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> [Leish-l] Fwd: name</DIV></DIV></DIV>
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<DIV class=ecxgmail_quote>---------- Forwarded message ----------<BR>From: <B class=ecxgmail_sendername>Ashford, R</B> <SPAN dir=ltr><<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=ashford@liverpool.ac.uk" rel=nofollow target=_blank>ashford@liverpool.ac.uk</A>></SPAN><BR>Date: 2010/4/6<BR>Subject: RE: [Leish-l] name<BR>To: Carlos Costa <<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=chncosta@gmail.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank>chncosta@gmail.com</A>><BR><BR><BR>
<DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT color=#000000 size=2 face=Tahoma>'Visceral leishmaniasis' is correct for all versions. Personally I much prefer to restrict 'kala azar' to the anthroponotic disease in the Indian subcontinent. The epidemiology is so different from that of L. infantum infection that they deserve different names. The disease in East Africa is a problem! </FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT color=#000000 size=2 face=Tahoma></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT color=#000000 size=2 face=Tahoma>A serious constraint in advocacy of leish, one of the many reasons why malaria is so much better known, is the confusion over the names and the unfamiliarity of both 'leishmaniasis' and 'kala azar' in the public consciousness. Neither leish nor k-a is a household name.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma>This doesn't answer your question and, fortunately, we have no 'Academy' of the English language, so there is no definitive answer. All versions are 'correct' if they are routinely used, which means they have to be explained and defined whenever they are used.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma>By the way, I believe the 'kala', which means 'black' (same root as 'coal') refers not to skin colour, but to the seriousness of epidemics, as with 'black death' for whatever disease(s) (bubonic plague?) killed so many people at that time.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma>Regards,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma>Dick Ashford</FONT></DIV>
<DIV dir=ltr><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma>Consultant Biologist</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2 face=Tahoma>Richard W. Ashford DSc</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2 face=tahoma>142 Meols Parade</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2 face=tahoma>Meols</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2 face=tahoma>CH47 6AN</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2 face=tahoma>UK</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2 face=tahoma>Tel +44 (0)151 632 2714</FONT></DIV></DIV>
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<FONT size=2 face=Tahoma><B>From:</B> <A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=leish-l-bounces@lineu.icb.usp.br" rel=nofollow target=_blank>leish-l-bounces@lineu.icb.usp.br</A> [<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=leish-l-bounces@lineu.icb.usp.br" rel=nofollow target=_blank>leish-l-bounces@lineu.icb.usp.br</A>] On Behalf Of Carlos Costa [<A href="http://us.mc332.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=chncosta@gmail.com" rel=nofollow target=_blank>chncosta@gmail.com</A>]<BR><B>Sent:</B> 23 March 2010 23:02<BR><B>To:</B> Leish-L<BR><B>Subject:</B> [Leish-l] name<BR></FONT><BR></DIV>
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<DIV><STRONG>Visceral leishmaniasis or kala-azar? Which, when, how?</STRONG> </DIV>
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<DIV>Carlos.<BR clear=all><BR>-- <BR>Carlos H. N. Costa, MD, DSc.<BR>Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella<BR>Universidade Federal do Piauí<BR>Brazil<BR>Telephone: +55 86 3221-3413<BR><BR></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV><BR><BR clear=all><BR>-- <BR>Carlos H. N. Costa, MD, DSc.<BR>Instituto de Doenças Tropicais Natan Portella<BR>Universidade Federal do Piauí<BR>Brazil<BR>Telephone: +55 86 3221-3413<BR><BR>As informações contidas nesta mensagem são CONFIDENCIAIS, protegidas pelo sigilo legal, por direitos autorais e destinadas exclusivamente à pessoa ou organização para a qual a mensagem foi destinada.<BR>Warning: This message is meant only for the intended recipient of the transmission. It is forbidden any unauthorized use, alteration, reproduction and distribution. If you are not the correct recipient, please notify us immediately by return e-mail and delete this message from your system. <BR></DIV></DIV>
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