[leish-l] Visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil

[rpbrazil at netra.cpqrr.fiocruz.br]

>
Dear Dr.Opperdoes,
 The situation of VL in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul may be worst than we
think as the disease is spreading quite fast in the last 5 years. We have
beenworking in Corumbá and the number of infected dogs have been quite high
and control measurements have been observed by killing " infected" dogs and
sandfly control in areas were human cases have been identified. The delay in
the diagnose for  both dogs and man  is the main responsible for the fast
spaying of VL and death. Lutzomyia cruzi is the suspect vector of the
disease,this fly is close related to L. longipalpis (the vector in other areas of
Brazil)with biological behaviour similar to L. longipalpis. We are collecting
evidencethat a second sandfly species may act as vector also. Another aspect is that
parasite isolated seems to be more infective to hamnster than other isolates
form diferent areas of Brazil. The disease is moving south/east and is now in
the State of Sao Paulo. We have some evidence of authoctone canine VL in
Campo Grande but in this case we may have a change of vector to L.
longipalpis as it hapen in Sao Paulo.
Reginaldo P. Brazil

At 5:21 -0400 21/05/02, ProMED Digest wrote:
>>
>>Date: Mon, 20 May 2002 17:39:23 -0400 (EDT)
>>From: ProMED-mail <promed at promed.isid.harvard.edu>
>>Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Leishmaniasis - Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul): RFI
>>
>>LEISHMANIASIS ‚ BRAZIL (MATO GROSSO DO SUL): RFI
>>***********************
>>A ProMED-mail post
>><http://www.promedmail.org>
>>ProMED-mail, a program of the
>>International Society for Infectious Diseases
>><http://www.isid.org>
>>
>>Date: Sun, 19 May 2002
>>From: ProMED-mail <promed at promedmail.org>
>>Source: ProMED-mail PORT / Campo Grande News [11.05.2002] [edited]
>><http://www.campograndenews.com/view.htm?id=117565>
>>and Brazil Online [15 May 2002] [edited]
>><http://noticias.bol.com.br>
>>
>>
>>Leishmaniasis in Mato Grosso do Sul
>>- -----------------------------------
>>At least 25 cases of visceral leishmaniasis have been confirmed in Mato
>>Grosso do Sul this year, with at least six deaths. Nine cases were
>>diagnosed in the first 10 days of May.
>>
>>The last case was fatal -- a 17 year old boy from the Santa Rita
>>neighborhood. His was the first death due to leishmaniasis reported in
>>the capital of the state, and this report increased to 12 the number of
>>municipalities with confirmed cases of the disease. The city most
>>affected is Tres Lagoas (340 km from Campo Grande, in the bordering
>>area with Sao Paulo), where 3 people have died of leishmaniasis this
>>year. The other deaths occurred in Ribas do Rio Pardo and in Corumba.
>>
>>In 2001, there were 114 cases of visceral leishmaniasis with 9 deaths.
>>About 2 per cent of the diagnoses were confirmed by the Centre for
>>Control of Zoonoses of Campo Grande. The centre has confirmed
>>leishmaniasis in 16.5 per cent of cases investigated in the first 3
>>months of 2002, which indicates epidemic activity.
>>
>>- --
>>ProMED-mail
>><promed at promedmail.org>
>>
>>[The Leishmania species in Mato Grosso do Sul is _L.chagasi_ and the
>>vector is _Lutzomyia_ spp sand flies. The animal reservoirs include
>>dogs, foxes, and opossums. The number of cases is probably
>>underestimated, but the case fatality rate appears to be higher than in
>>2001. Informed comments on the situation would be welcome. - Mod.EP]
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