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From: gamboa at lhc.nlm.nih.gov (Dr. Carlos Gamboa)
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brm39/xxxxx
* Dr. Carlos A. Gamboa *
BEGIN SEARCH
"file TOXLINE
"eraseall
"users GMG6TOXLINE
LEISHMANIA or
LEISHMANIASIS
1 and not toxbib (si)
"print include ab,cm,mh,rn
END SEARCH
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PROG:
1
AU - Hepburn NC
AU - Siddique I
AU - Howie AF
AU - Beckett GJ
AU - Hayes PC
TI - Hepatotoxicity of sodium stibogluconate in leishmaniasis
SI - IPA/94/00630
SO - Lancet; VOL 342 ISS Jul 24 1993, P238-239, (REF 7)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Cases of hepatotoxicity to stibogluconate
sodium are reported in a randomized prospective study designed to
compare the efficacy of sodium stibogluconate and paromomycin
(aminosidine) in the treatment of leishmaniasis; patients
received 20 days' treatment with stibogluconate 20 mg/kg/day by
slow intravenous (IV) injection or paromomycin 14 mg/kg/day by IV
infusion over 4 h. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and GST
increased during treatment with stibogluconate sodium, associated
with a fall in caffeine clearance. Six wk after treatment, ALT
and GST had returned nearly to pretreatment levels in every
patient, as did caffeine clearance except in 1. ALT, GST, and
caffeine clearance were unaffected by paromomycin. It was
concluded that sodium stibogluconate is associated with acute
hepatocellular damage coupled with a fall in the functional
metabolic capacity of the liver.
RN - 7542-37-2; 16037-91-5;
2
AU - Magill AJ
AU - Grogl M
AU - Gasser RA Jr
AU - Sun W
AU - Oster CN
TI - Visceral Infection Caused by Leishmania tropica in Veterans of
Operation Desert Storm
SI - NIOSH/00215285
SO - New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 328, No. 19, pages
1383-1387, 47 references, 1993
AB - Eight soldiers participating in Operation Desert Storm were
evaluated for visceral infections caused by Leishmania-tropica.
The patients did not exhibit symptoms of kala azar, an infection
caused by L-donovani. Diagnoses were based on examination of
serum with an immunofluorescent antibody assay and examination of
marrow or biopsy tissue with an indirect immunofluorescent
antibody assay. Cultured parasites were isolated and
characterized by isoenzyme study. Seven soldiers complained of
fever, malaise, cough, intermittent diarrhea, or abdominal pain
up to 7 months after returning to the United States. Five
suffered from adenopathy or mild hepatosplenomegaly. One soldier
had no symptoms and none of the soldiers presented with cutaneous
symptoms. Diagnostic studies revealed six isolates of L-tropica
which most often causes only a cutaneous disease. All but one of
the patients were treated with sodium-stibogluconate. The
authors conclude that L-tropica can cause visceral infection.
This disorder should be considered when diagnosing unexplained
illnesses in persons returning from areas in which the organism
is endemic.
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
3
AU - Singha UK
AU - Guru PY
AU - Sen AB
AU - Tandon JS
TI - Antileishmanial activity of traditional plants against Leishmania
donovani in golden hamsters
SI - IPA/93/12072
SO - Int. J. Pharmacogn.; VOL 30 ISS 4 1992, P289-295, (REF 17)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The screening of 23 crude extracts from
plants used in traditional medicine in India for antileishmanial
activity in hamsters is described. Extracts derived from
Alstonia scholaris, Swertia chirata, Tibouchina semidecandra,
Tinospora cordifolia, and Nyctanthes arbor-tristis were found to
be active.
4
AU - Moss JT
AU - Wilson JP
TI - Current treatment recommendations for leishmaniasis
SI - IPA/93/11934
SO - Ann. Pharmacother.; VOL 26 ISS Nov 1992, P1452-1455, (REF 42)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP A review is presented of the epidemiology,
clinical presentation, risk factors for transmission,
pathogenesis, and recommended treatment of leishmaniasis. It was
noted that the management of leishmaniasis relies heavily upon
the use of parenteral antimonial drugs. Although these agents are
effective in most cases, toxicity and the emergence of resistance
limit the usefulness of standard therapies.
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
5
AU - GIRARD R
AU - PEDRON T
AU - CHABY R
TI - Endotoxin-induced expression of endotoxin binding sites on murine
bone marrow cells.
SI - BIOSIS/93/21677
SO - J IMMUNOL; 150 (10). 1993. 4504-4513.
AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A variety of binding sites for
endotoxin (LPS) have been identified on leukocytes. However, the
sequence of expression of these receptors, and their
interrelations, are poorly understood. In this report, we show
that in LPS-responsive hosts, interaction of nanomolar
concentrations of LPS with bone marrow cells induces the
expression of new specific LPS-binding sites. Cells from
LPS-nonresponsive (C3H/HeJ) mice do not express these receptors
after LPS treatment. Experimental differences in the conditions
allowing the induction and the detection of these binding sites
(influence of Leishmania lipophosphoglycan, role of serum),
support the hypothesis that interaction of LPS with primary
receptors on bone marrow cells triggers the expression of
secondary LPS receptors, and that the two types of receptors have
distinct fine specificities.
MH - ANIMALS
MH - CYTOLOGY
MH - HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY
MH - AMINO ACIDS
MH - PEPTIDES
MH - PROTEINS
MH - LIPIDS
MH - CARBOHYDRATES
MH - BIOPHYSICS
MH - MEMBRANES/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
MH - BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY
MH - LYMPH/CHEMISTRY
MH - BLOOD CELLS/ULTRASTRUCTURE/PHYSIOLOGY/CHEMISTRY
MH - HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - LYMPH/CHEMISTRY/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - POISONING
MH - ANIMALS, LABORATORY
MH - BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY/METABOLISM
MH - ALGAE/*IMMUNOLOGY
MH - BACTERIA/*IMMUNOLOGY
MH - FUNGI/*IMMUNOLOGY
MH - VIRUSES/*IMMUNOLOGY
MH - IMMUNITY, CELLULAR
MH - ANIMAL
MH - HOST-PARASITE RELATIONS
MH - PARASITES/IMMUNOLOGY
MH - BACTERIA
MH - ANIMAL
MH - ANIMALS, LABORATORY
MH - ANIMALS, WILD
MH - PARASITIC DISEASES/VETERINARY
MH - ANIMAL
MH - PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE
MH - PROTOZOA/ULTRASTRUCTURE/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - PATHOLOGY
MH - BACTERIA
MH - MASTIGOPHORA
MH - MURIDAE
RN - 11034-88-1
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
6
AU - Dogra J
TI - Cutaneous leishmaniasis in India: evaluation of oral drugs
(dapsone versus itraconazole)
SI - IPA/93/11096
SO - Eur. J. Dermatol.; VOL 2 ISS 8 1992, P568-569, (REF 15)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The efficacy of oral dapsone versus
itraconazole in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis was
compared in 60 patients who received 4 mg/kg/day up to a maximum
of 200 mg of either drug or placebo for 6 wk. Treatment with
itraconazole and dapsone cured 15 and 18 patients, respectively.
Two cases showed spontaneous recovery in the placebo group at 3
months follow-up. Dapsone is recommended as the first line drug
in cutaneous leishmaniasis due to its easy availability and cost.
Itraconazole should be reserved as the second oral alternative.
RN - 80-08-0; 84625-61-6;
7
AU - CUNHA FQ
AU - MOSS DW
AU - LEAL L M CC
AU - MONCADA S
AU - LIEW FY
TI - Induction of macrophage parasiticidal activity by Staphylococcus
aureus and exotoxins through the nitric oxide synthesis pathway.
SI - BIOSIS/93/18594
SO - IMMUNOLOGY; 78 (4). 1993. 563-567.
AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Murine peritoneal macrophages
stimulated in vitro with killed Gram-positive bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus or its membrane components in the presence
of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) expressed high levels of nitric
oxide (NO) synthase and produced large amounts of NO in a
dose-dependent manner. This is not due to the contamination by
Gram-negative endotoxin because the stimulatory activity was not
affected by the addition of polymyxin B. The expression of the NO
synthase and the synthesis of NO b macrophages stimulated with
toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) or
killed whole S. aureus together with IFN-gamma was inhibited by
the glucocorticoid, dexamethasone or by the specific inhibitor of
NO synthesis, L-N-iminoethyl-ornithine (L-NIO). The exotoxins
together with IFN-gamma also activated macrophages to kill the
intracellular parasite Leishmania major. The leishmanicidal
activity was completely inhibited by L-NIO.
MH - AMINO ACIDS
MH - PEPTIDES
MH - PROTEINS
MH - NECROSIS/PATHOLOGY
MH - CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY/METABOLISM
MH - HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - LYMPH/CHEMISTRY/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - ENDOCRINE GLANDS
MH - NEUROSECRETORY SYSTEMS
MH - NERVOUS SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY/METABOLISM
MH - POISONING
MH - ANIMALS, LABORATORY
MH - BACTERIA/PHYSIOLOGY/METABOLISM
MH - ALGAE/IMMUNOLOGY
MH - BACTERIA/IMMUNOLOGY
MH - FUNGI/IMMUNOLOGY
MH - VIRUSES/IMMUNOLOGY
MH - IMMUNITY, CELLULAR
MH - ANIMAL
MH - *HOST-PARASITE RELATIONS
MH - PARASITES/*IMMUNOLOGY
MH - BACTERIA
MH - MICROCOCCACEAE
MH - MURIDAE
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
8
AU - Fournet A
AU - Angelo A
AU - Munoz V
AU - Roblot F
AU - Cave A
AU - et al
TI - Biological and chemical studies of Pera benensis, a Bolivian
plant used in folk medicine as a treatment of cutaneous
leishmaniasis
SI - IPA/93/09499
SO - J. Ethno Pharmacol.; VOL 37 ISS 2 1992, P159-164, (REF 14)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The isolation, chemical identification, and
antileishmanial and trypanocidal activities of the active
principle of the stem and root bark of Pera benensis are
described. The active compounds included the naphthoquinone,
plumbagin, and the tripene, lupeol. Plumbagin was the most active
compound in vitro.
RN - 481-42-5; 545-47-1;
9
AU - Brea Correal JM
AU - Alfaro Olea A
AU - Castano Rodriguez AD
AU - Martinez Tutor MJ
AU - Alonso Zapatero S
TI - Liposomal amphotericin B: efficacy and safety of a new
formulation
SI - IPA/93/08453
SO - Farm. Clin. (Spain); VOL 9 ISS Sep 1992, P596, 598-600, 602-604,
(REF 19)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The clinical experience, efficacy, and
safety of a new liposome formulation of amphotericin B are
reviewed. Liposomal amphotericin B is very effective for the
treatment of systemic mycoses in patients who do not respond to
or do not tolerate traditional formulations of amphotericin B.
The liposome formulation improves the therapeutic/toxicological
margin. The formulation is also highly effective in the treatment
of visceral leishmaniasis refractory to antimonials.
RN - 1397-89-3;
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
10
AU - ABOUL ELA RG
AU - MORSY TA
AU - EI-GOZAMY B MR
AU - RAGHEB DA
TI - The susceptibility of the Egyptian Phlebotomus papatasi to five
insecticides.
SI - BIOSIS/93/13723
SO - J EGYPT SOC PARASITOL; 23 (1). 1993. 69-94.
AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Phlebotomus papatasi is the main
vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. major in
nearly all the East Mediterranean Region. Generally speaking,
control of any arthropod-borne disease should be directed against
both the parasite and the vector. The present study was
undertaken to establish a base line susceptibility levels of the
Egyptian P. papatasi to five insecticides. Thes insecticides
were: BHC and DDT (chlorinated hydrocarbon), permethrin
(synthetic pyrethroids), malathion (organophosphorus) and
propoxur (carbamate). The results obtained revealed that the
laboratory bred P. papatasi were more susceptible to the five
insecticides than the wild caught ones. The insecticidal
efficiency of the five insecticides based on LC50 was in the
following descending order: propoxur, permethrin, BHC, DDT and
malathion for laboratory bred flies and propoxur, permethrin,
BHC, malathion then DDT for wild caught flies. The least LC50 was
when using propoxur for both the wild caught flies (0.0014%) and
laboratory bred ones (0.00043%). The least LT50 was when using
propoxur for both the wild caught flies (4.8 seconds) and the
laboratory bred flies (2.2 seconds).
MH - BIOCHEMISTRY
MH - SKIN DISEASES/PATHOLOGY
MH - *DISEASE VECTORS
MH - *DISINFECTION
MH - *PEST CONTROL
MH - *PESTICIDES
MH - DISEASE VECTORS
MH - COMMUNICABLE DISEASES/MICROBIOLOGY
MH - HERBICIDES
MH - PEST CONTROL/METHODS
MH - PESTICIDES
MH - ANIMALS
MH - ARACHNIDA
MH - ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS
MH - PEST CONTROL
MH - ARACHNIDA
MH - ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS
MH - INSECTICIDES
MH - PEST CONTROL/METHODS
MH - PESTICIDES
MH - HUMAN
MH - PARASITOLOGY
MH - MASTIGOPHORA
MH - DIPTERA
RN - 52645-53-1; 121-75-5; 114-26-1; 58-89-9; 50-29-3
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
11
AU - BRAZIL RP
AU - ALMEIDA D CD
AU - FERREIRA MG
AU - DIAS C MG
TI - EFFECT OF FENTHION A SYSTEMIC INSECTICIDE ON
LUTZOMYIA-LONGIPALPIS DIPTERA PSYCHODIDAE VECTOR OF VISCERAL
LEISHMANIASIS
SI - BIOSIS/93/12102
SO - XIX ANNUAL MEETING ON BASIC RESEARCH IN CHAGAS' DISEASE, CAXAMBU,
BRAZIL, NOVEMBER 11-13, 1992. MEM INST OSWALDO CRUZ RIO J; 87
(SUPPL. 2). 1992. 218.
AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HAMSTER DOGS SANDFLY
CONTROL INSECTICIDE MORTALITY
MH - CONGRESSES
MH - BIOLOGY
MH - NUTRITION
MH - NUTRITIONAL STATUS
MH - BLOOD CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
MH - BODY FLUIDS/CHEMISTRY
MH - LYMPH/CHEMISTRY
MH - *DISEASE VECTORS
MH - *DISINFECTION
MH - *PEST CONTROL
MH - *PESTICIDES
MH - DISEASE VECTORS
MH - HERBICIDES
MH - PEST CONTROL/METHODS
MH - PESTICIDES
MH - ANIMALS
MH - ARACHNIDA
MH - ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS
MH - PEST CONTROL
MH - ARACHNIDA
MH - ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS
MH - INSECTICIDES
MH - PEST CONTROL/METHODS
MH - PESTICIDES
MH - HUMAN
MH - PARASITOLOGY
MH - ANIMAL
MH - PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE
MH - PROTOZOA/ULTRASTRUCTURE/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - PATHOLOGY
MH - ANIMAL
MH - DISEASE
MH - INSECTS/PARASITOLOGY
MH - MASTIGOPHORA
MH - CARNIVORA
MH - HOMINIDAE
MH - MICROTINAE
RN - 55-38-9
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
12
AU - SHUIKINA EE
AU - NARBADALOV MT
AU - RAKHIMOVA NF
AU - ANDROSOV AA
TI - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF USING CHEMICALS TO PREVENT
ZOONOTIC CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS IN A RURAL POPULATION
SI - BIOSIS/93/08396
SO - MED PARAZITOL PARAZIT BOLEZNI; 0 (2). 1992. 38.
AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN TINDURIN COTTON
HARVESTING
MH - HUMAN
MH - SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
MH - ECOLOGY
MH - SKIN DISEASES/PATHOLOGY
MH - *DISEASE VECTORS
MH - *DISINFECTION
MH - *PEST CONTROL
MH - *PESTICIDES
MH - OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES
MH - COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
MH - DISEASE VECTORS
MH - COMMUNICABLE DISEASES/MICROBIOLOGY
MH - HERBICIDES
MH - PEST CONTROL/METHODS
MH - PESTICIDES
MH - HUMAN
MH - PARASITOLOGY
MH - MASTIGOPHORA
MH - HOMINIDAE
RN - 58-14-0
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
13
AU - Gaspar R
AU - Preat V
AU - Opperdoes FR
AU - Roland M
TI - Macrophage activation by polymeric nanoparticles of
polyalkylcyanoacrylates: activity against intracellular
Leishmania donovani associated with hydrogen peroxide production
SI - IPA/93/06256
SO - Pharm. Res.; VOL 9 ISS Jun 1992, P782-787, (REF 30)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Antileishmanial activity of
polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles was assessed in vitro by
studying the effect of polyisohexylcyanoacrylate on the induction
of the respiratory burst in a macrophage like cell line that was
normal or infected with Leishmania donovani infantum.
Phagocytosis of nanoparticles led to a respiratory burst, which
was more pronounced in infected than non-infected cells. The
production of reactive oxygen intermediates associated with the
respiratory burst was inhibited by addition of superoxide
dismutase and catalase to the cell suspensions. Catalase addition
also significantly reduced antileishmanial activity. It was
suggested that the antileishmanial action of
polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles results from the activation
of respiratory bursts in macrophages.
RN - 107811-81-4;
14
AU - Velez A
AU - Del Rio E
AU - Fuente C
AU - Belinchon I
AU - Sanchez Yus E
AU - et al
TI - Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis and
immunosuppression
SI - IPA/93/05979
SO - Eur. J. Dermatol.; VOL 2 ISS 5 1992, P336-338, (REF 25)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The case of a 58-yr-old woman who presented
with fever of unknown origin and developed multiple lesions of
disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis after receiving 90
mg systemic prednisone daily is described. A diagnosis of
kala-azar (leishmaniasis) was made, but the patient died 5 wk
after hospitalization despite treatment with antimony
derivatives.
RN - 53-03-2;
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
15
AU - Mishra M
AU - Biswas UK
AU - Jha DN
AU - Khan AB
TI - Amphotericin versus pentamidine in antimony-unresponsive
kala-azar
SI - IPA/93/04736
SO - Lancet; VOL 340 ISS Nov 21 1992, P1256-1257, (REF 6)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP The efficacy of amphotericin B and
pentamidine isethionate was compared in 119 patients with
confirmed cases of antimony-unresponsive visceral leishmaniasis
(kala-azar) who received 20 intramuscular injections of 4 mg/kg
of pentamidine isethionate on alternate days or 14 doses of 0.5
mg/kg of amphotericin B infused in 5% dextrose on alternate days.
Results showed that 48 (80%) patients given pentamidine had
initial cure and 46 (77%) had definitive cure compared with 60
(100%) and 59 (98%) cases, respectively, on amphotericin.
Amphotericin also brought about quicker abatement of fever and
more complete spleen regression.
RN - 1397-89-3; 140-64-7;
16
AU - Collins M
AU - Baillie AJ
AU - Carter KC
TI - Visceral leishmaniasis in the BALB/c mouse: sodium stibogluconate
treatment during acute and chronic stages of infection. Part 2.
Changes in tissue drug distribution
SI - IPA/93/04200
SO - Int. J. Pharm.; VOL 83 ISS Jun 30 1992, P251-256, (REF 24)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Mice with acute and chronic visceral
mg/kg stibogluconate sodium (Pentostam) or liposomes containing
13.3 mg/kg drug and tissue antimony levels and parasite
suppression were examined. Free and vesicular drug significantly
suppressed spleen and liver parasites compared to controls in the
acute model. In the chronic model, free drug was ineffective
against spleen, liver, and bone marrow parasites and vesicular
drug only significantly suppressed liver parasites. Free drug
resulted in higher mean tissue antimony levels in the liver,
spleen, bone marrow, and kidney of acute infection compared to
those in chronic infection. However, the differences were only
statistically significant in the spleen. It was concluded that
vesicular stibogluconate in acute and chronic leishmaniasis
results in higher antimony levels and higher total antimony
levels in spleen and liver compared to free drug.
RN - 16037-91-5;
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
17
AU - Elamin A
AU - Omer MI
TI - Visceral leishmaniasis in a 6-week-old infant: possible
congenital transmission.
SI - DART/M/92351452
SO - Trop Doct 1992 Jul;22(3):133-5
MH - Animal
MH - Case Report
MH - Female
MH - Hospitals, Pediatric
MH - Human
MH - Infant
MH - Leishmania donovani/ISOLATION & PURIF
MH - Leishmaniasis, Visceral/*CONGENITAL/PARASITOLOGY/TRANSMISSION
MH - Male
MH - Maternal-Fetal Exchange
MH - Pregnancy
MH - Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
MH - Sudan
18
AU - Kaplanski G
AU - Farnarier C
AU - Durand JM
AU - Soubeyrand J
AU - Bongrand P
AU - Kaplanski S
TI - Leishmaniasis acquired in Belgium [letter; comment]
SI - DART/M/92016838
CM - Comment on: Lancet 1991 Jul 13;338(8759):128
SO - Lancet 1991 Oct 5;338(8771):885
MH - Belgium
MH - Case Report
MH - Female
MH - Human
MH - Infant
MH - Leishmaniasis/IMMUNOLOGY/*TRANSMISSION
MH - Maternal-Fetal Exchange
MH - Pregnancy
CONTINUE PRINTING? (YES/NO)
USER:
Y
PROG:
19
AU - Lee RV
TI - Protozoan infections.
SI - DART/T/92000638
SO - Principles and Practice of Medical Therapy in Pregnancy
1992;2:86-706
MH - Animal
MH - Female
MH - Gastrointestinal System/PARASITOLOGY
MH - Human
MH - Insect Vectors
MH - Leishmaniasis/THERAPY/ETIOLOGY
MH - Pregnancy
MH - Protozoa/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - Protozoan Infections/*THERAPY/ETIOLOGY
MH - Toxoplasmosis/THERAPY/ETIOLOGY
MH - Trypanosomiasis/THERAPY/ETIOLOGY
RN - 4914-30-1 (Dehydroemetine)
RN - 54-05-7 (Chloroquine)
RN - 67-45-8 (Furazolidone)
RN - 83-89-6 (Quinacrine)
RN - 8064-90-2 (Cotrimoxazole)
RN - 140-64-7 (Pentamidine isethionate)
RN - 130-95-0 (Quinine)
RN - 90-34-6 (Primaquine)
RN - 58-14-0 (Pyrimethamine)
RN - 0 (Sulfonamides)
RN - 60-54-8 (Tetracycline)
RN - 443-48-1 (Metronidazole)
RN - 483-18-1 (Emetine)
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20
AU - PERICH MJ
AU - HOCH AL
AU - ROWTON ED
AU - RIZZO N
TI - PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDE BARRIER SPRAYING FOR THE
CONTROL OF SAND FLY VECTORS OF CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS IN RURAL
GUATEMALA
SI - BIOSIS/93/05155
SO - 41ST ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE
AND HYGIENE, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, USA, NOVEMBER 15-19, 1992. AM J
TROP MED HYG; 47 (4 SUPPL.). 1992. 256.
AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN CYFLUTHRIN LIGHT
TRAP
MH - CONGRESSES
MH - BIOLOGY
MH - BIOCHEMISTRY
MH - *DISEASE VECTORS
MH - *DISINFECTION
MH - *PEST CONTROL
MH - *PESTICIDES
MH - COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
MH - DISEASE VECTORS
MH - HERBICIDES
MH - PEST CONTROL/METHODS
MH - PESTICIDES
MH - ANIMALS
MH - ARACHNIDA
MH - ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS
MH - PEST CONTROL
MH - ARACHNIDA
MH - ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS
MH - INSECTICIDES
MH - PEST CONTROL/METHODS
MH - PESTICIDES
MH - HUMAN
MH - PARASITOLOGY
MH - ANIMALS
MH - ANIMAL
MH - PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE
MH - PROTOZOA/ULTRASTRUCTURE/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - PATHOLOGY
MH - ANIMAL
MH - DISEASE
MH - INSECTS/PARASITOLOGY
MH - MASTIGOPHORA
MH - DIPTERA
MH - HOMINIDAE
RN - 68359-37-5
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21
AU - SRINIVASAN R
AU - VISWAM K
AU - PANICKER KN
TI - An improvised method of laboratory colonization of Phlebotomus
papatasi, the vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
SI - BIOSIS/93/01210
SO - INDIAN J EXP BIOL; 30 (10). 1992. 925-927.
AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A cyclic colony of P. papatasi was
successfully established, using wild caught females. The major
obstacle in the colonization was infestation of the fungus, which
was solved with betonite, a dehydrant was mixed in the larval
diet i.e., powdered and sterilized faecal pellets of rabbit. The
average duration of development from egg to adult was 46.41 :
3.26 days. Females readily engorged on mouse, which was kept
immobilized inside restrainer cages. Majority of the fed females
laid viable eggs, when confined in improvised styro-foam,
humidity chambers and survived after oviposition. In this process
a stable, cyclic colony was established and it is now in F39
generation.
MH - NUTRITION
MH - NUTRITIONAL STATUS
MH - DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
MH - GENITALIA/PHYSIOLOGY/METABOLISM
MH - REPRODUCTION
MH - CELL DIFFERENTIATION
MH - FETAL DEVELOPMENT
MH - MORPHOGENESIS
MH - EMBRYOLOGY
MH - MYCOSES
MH - DISEASE VECTORS
MH - ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS/PHARMACOLOGY
MH - MYCOSES/DRUG THERAPY
MH - ANIMALS
MH - ARACHNIDA
MH - ENTOMOLOGY/ECONOMICS
MH - PEST CONTROL
MH - HUMAN
MH - PARASITOLOGY
MH - *ANATOMY, COMPARATIVE
MH - ANIMAL
MH - *INSECTS/ANATOMY & HISTOLOGY/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - *PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE
MH - *PATHOLOGY
MH - ANIMAL
MH - INSECTS/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - PHYSIOLOGY, COMPARATIVE
MH - PATHOLOGY
MH - FUNGI
MH - DIPTERA
MH - MURIDAE
RN - 1302-78-9
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22
AU - CORRADIN SB
AU - MAUEL J
AU - GALLAY P
AU - HEUMANN D
AU - ULEVITCH RJ
AU - TOBIAS PS
TI - Enhancement of murine macrophage binding of and response to
bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by LPS-binding protein.
SI - BIOSIS/93/01197
SO - J LEUKOCYTE BIOL; 52 (4). 1992. 363-368.
AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. We have studied the effects of
highly purified rabbit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein
(LBP) on the ability of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages to
respond to bacterial LPS. Macrophage responses studied include
the secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha, production of
arginine-derived nitrite (NO2-), and killing of an intracellular
pathogen, Leishmania enriettii. Macrophages from either CBA or
LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice exhibited significantly greater
sensitivity to LPS in the presence of LBP. Furthermore, both CBA
and C3H/HeJ macrophages demonstrated an LBP-dependent enhancement
of LPS binding. These results suggest that C3H/HeJ macrophages
are capable of binding LPS-LBP complexes and support the
hypothesis that hyporesponsiveness in this strain involves a step
subsequent to LPS binding. Furthermore, these findings provide
additional evidence of the important role played by the
acute-phase plasma protein LBP in modifying host response to LPS.
MH - ANIMALS
MH - CYTOLOGY
MH - HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY
MH - LIPIDS
MH - CARBOHYDRATES
MH - HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - LYMPH/CHEMISTRY/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - LYMPHATIC SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM/PHYSIOLOGY
MH - POISONING
MH - ANIMALS, LABORATORY
MH - ALGAE/*IMMUNOLOGY
MH - BACTERIA/*IMMUNOLOGY
MH - FUNGI/*IMMUNOLOGY
MH - VIRUSES/*IMMUNOLOGY
MH - ANIMAL
MH - HOST-PARASITE RELATIONS
MH - PARASITES/IMMUNOLOGY
MH - BACTERIA
MH - ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
MH - MASTIGOPHORA
MH - MURIDAE
RN - 67924-63-4
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USER:
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PROG:
23
AU - Monjour L
AU - Silva OA
AU - Vouldoukis I
AU - Neogy AB
AU - Jardim ML
AU - et al
TI - Immunoprophylaxis in cutaneous leishmaniasis
SI - IPA/93/02787
SO - Lancet; VOL 340 ISS Oct 31 1992, P1098-1099, (REF 3)
AB - IPA COPYRIGHT: ASHP Immunoprophylaxis against cutaneous
leishmaniasis by the use of semipurified Leishmania braziliensis
braziliensis derived fraction 2 (LbbF2) was studied in 80
Brazilian volunteers (ages 18-60 yr) who were assigned to receive
the LbbF2 preparation injected intradermally without adjuvant in
the upper left arm, 3 times every 30 days (test group) or saline
with the same protocol (control group). Six subjects (15%) in
the control group developed typical cutaneous lesions during more
than 1 yr of observation, in contrast to none in the vaccinated
group. It was concluded that there is protection against
American cutaneous leishmaniasis with LbbF2 as the immunogen.
24
AU - Sampaio RN
AU - de Lima LMP
AU - Vexenat A
AU - Cuba CC
AU - Barreto AC
AU - Marsden PD
TI - A Laboratory Infection with Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis
SI - NIOSH/00209831
SO - Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and
Hygiene, Vol. 77, No. 2, page 274, 1 reference, 1983
AB - A case of laboratory acquired cutaneous leishmaniasis occurred in
a 24 year old male biology student who assisted in a study of
laboratory passaging strains in hamsters. When unsupervised, the
student inoculated infective suspension without wearing
protective gloves. Although spillage had occurred in the past,
he was not able to remember a specific recent accident. He noted
an erythematous indurated papule on the left thumb beside the
nail bed about 1 month prior to presentation. The papule grew to
cover the dorsum of distal phalanx below the nail. It ulcerated
and was painful at the time of presentation. The organism was
identified as Leishmania-braziliensis-braziliensis. He was
treated with an investigational drug combination, glucantime
together with oral Nifurtimox. At the end of treatment the
lesions was totally healed. He was followed for 14 months with
no clinical or serological signs of relapse.
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25
AU - Yadav TP
AU - Gupta H
AU - Satteya U
AU - Kumar R
AU - Mittal V
TI - Congenital kala-azar.
SI - DART/M/90146535
SO - Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1989 Oct;83(5):535-7
AB - An 11-month-old male infant was admitted to hospital with fever,
pallor and hepatosplenomegaly, and was diagnosed as having
kala-azar. The mother also suffered from kala-azar while carrying
this baby. As the baby and the mother did not leave Delhi either
during or after delivery, and the vector found in Delhi is not
competent to transmit leishmaniasis, the infant could not have
been infected by the bite of a sandfly. It therefore seems most
likely that he was infected in utero--a rare route.
MH - Adult
MH - Case Report
MH - Female
MH - Human
MH - India
MH - Infant
MH - Leishmaniasis, Visceral/*CONGENITAL/TRANSMISSION
MH - Male
MH - *Maternal-Fetal Exchange
MH - Pregnancy
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PROG:
26
AU - FINER-MOORE JS
TI - Crystallographic studies of thymidylate synthase
SI - CRISP/92/CA41323-07
SA - U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE;
NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
SO - Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health
AB - RPROJ/CRISP The objective is to understand the several functions
of thymidylate synthase, an enzyme that provides the sole de novo
pathway for synthesis of a nucleotide that is essential for DNA
synthesis, at the level of three dimensional atomic structure.
Inhibition of thymidylate synthase causes thymineless death of an
organism. Through determining three-dimensional structures of
complexes of the enzyme, substrate and cofactor, the reaction
mechanisms and conformational dynamics will be understood at
atomic resolution, sufficient to eventually design inhibitors,
and drugs of higher specificity or tailored function. Modelling
and energy calculations are to be developed for eventual design
of improved inhibitors, and cancer drugs targeted to the human
enzyme. Thymidylate synthase is one of the most conserved
proteins throughout all species from bacterial viruses to man.
Structure determinations of binding sites of enzymes from other
species are to open the way to species specific anti-parasitic
drug design, targeted toward Leishmaniasis, malaria and Varicella
zoster. Site-directed
mutagenesis is coupled to atomic resolution structural analysis
and functional assay to define all the determinants of activity,
and to understand regions that may provide for regulation in
eucaryotes. A powerful selection of functional enzyme (TS)
expressed in TS- E. coli is harnessed to cassette mutagenesis of
a synthesized gene to produce subtle alteration of function.
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27
AU - BARRAL-NETTO M
TI - T cell responses in leishmaniasis
SI - CRISP/92/AI30639-020002
SA - U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE;
NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
SO - Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health
28
AU - TRAVI BL
TI - Vector biology, ecology, and control
SI - CRISP/92/AI30603-020001
SA - U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE;
NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
SO - Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health
29
AU - ROGERS TJ
TI - Candida dimorphism--Virulence and immunomodulatory action
SI - CRISP/92/AI28372-03
SA - U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE;
NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
SO - Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health
AB - RPROJ/CRISP Infection with Candida albicans is a serious cause of
morbidity in the immunocompromised individual. Patients with
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) frequently develop
severe candidal esophagitis. Patients receiving chemotherapy are
also at increased risk for invasive candidiasis. In
both cases, the morbidity directly associated with the organism
itself is compounded by the increased risk for bacterial
superinfection, the significantly compromised nutritional status
of the patient, and problems associated with an inability to
parenterally administer medication.
The initiation of invasive candidiasis is associated with a
defective Cell Mediated Immune system while the propagation of
the disease may be associated with active immunosuppression
mediated by the organism itself. This proposal is directed
primarily toward an investigation of the latter element of this
disease process.
Studies carried out in our laboratories have demonstrated
that components of the Candida cell wall possess significant
immunomodulatory activity. Accessory cells, B-lymphocytes, and
T-lymphocytes all participate in this immunomodulatory process.
Immunological and biochemical approaches will be taken to isolate
molecules from the cell wall of C. A\albicans. These components
will then be further purified using one or both of the following
biological activities to detect active fractions. The
fractionated components will be analyzed for their capacity to
manifest immunosuppressive activity. The fractionated and
nonfractionated components will also be studied to detect
accessory cell modulatory activity, and the participation of the
accessory cells in the immunosuppressive function of these
components. These studies, using experimental approaches which
are currently in use in our laboratories, should contribute new
information to our understanding of the ability of the organism
to directly induce the immunoregulatory apparatus of the immune
system.
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30
AU - WEISER WY
TI - Recombinant migration inhibitory factor
SI - CRISP/92/AI22801-07
SA - U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE;
NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
SO - Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health
AB - RPROJ/CRISP In response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation,
lymphocytes secrete an array of meditors, known as lymphokines
which exert profound effects on cells of the immune system.
Macrophages play important roles in the initiation of immune
responses and in host defense and these functions are under the
control of a variety of lymphokines. Migration inhibitory factor
(MIF), a lymphokine that inhibits the migration of macrophages is
one of the lymphokines that correlates especially well with
cellular immune responses. Until now, the lack of pure MIF
precluded the determination of its physical and biological
properties. We have recently isolated and sequenced a cDNA
encoding a human MIF, MIF-1 (additional independent clones have
been isolated but not yet examined in detail). It will allow the
characterization of its gene and protein structure as well as
facilitate the elucidation of its biological activities.
The proposed work aims to investigate the structure of MIF-1
gene using the cloned MIF-cDNA as a probe to screen a human
genomic library. Positive clones will be selected for analysis
of intron/exon junctions and 5' and 3' regions of the gene and
for mapping of the exons. The proposed work plans to purify
recombinant MIF-1 using gel filtration, Phenyl-Sepharose
chromatography, isoelectric focusing, and reverse phase high
pressure liquid chromatography and to produce monoclonal
antibodies to recombinant MIF-1 using established methods.
This study further aims to investigate the
effects of recombinant MIF-1 on cultured macrophages and the
interactions of MIF-1 with other lymphokines that affect
macrophages. The role of MIF in host defense and in cellular
immunity will be delineated by monitoring antileishmanial
activity and tumoricidal activity of macrophages treated with MIF
alone or in combination with other lymphokines., This study also
includes the analysis of the additional cDNA clones encoding
different MIF species in order to determine their DNA sequences,
to characterize the corresponding MIF proteins, to examine their
bioactivities, and to correlate the production of specific MIF
species in response to different antigenic stimulation at the
level of mRNA.
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31
AU - WIRTH DF
TI - Developmentally regulated genes in Leishmania
SI - CRISP/92/AI21365-06
SA - U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE;
NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
SO - Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health
AB - RPROJ/CRISP This renewal application represents a continuation of
work on the control of gene expression in the parasitic protozoa,
Leishmania enriettii. There are two major goals in our proposed
project: 1) to understand the mechanism of transcriptional
regulation in the parasite and define the function of DNA
sequences involved in this regulation, and 2) to understand the
role of RNA transsplicing in the regulation and expression of
mRNA in the parasite. The genes for alpha and beta tubulin which
are developmentally regulated in their expression in the parasite
will be used as a model system for this study. They were cloned
and characterized during the previous grant period. To
accomplish these goals, it will be necessary to develop a
transfection system for the functional analysis of DNA or RNA
sequences by in vitro mutagenesis. A transient expression system
has now been developed in our laboratory. It is the first to be
described for protozoan parasites. This discovery will now be
used to accomplish the aims of the grant.
32
AU - DOURADO HV
TI - Amazonas--Leishmaniasis, malaria, and snake bites
SI - CRISP/92/AI16305-140007
SA - U.S. DEPT. OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE;
NATIONAL INST. OF HEALTH, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
SO - Crisp Data Base National Institutes Of Health
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